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Left ventricular Gram
Procedure
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Catheter crosses AoV using pigtail catheter
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LV pressure assessed (EDP)
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Bolus of contrast injected at set rate to assess LV function
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Can assess MR
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Measure AoV gradient (mean and peak-peak)
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RAO 30 view on xray
​-shows inferior and anterior walls
(click on videos to play)
Normal function

HOCM

Severe MR

Takotsubu

Ventricular septal defect

Severe LV dysfunction

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